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the international space station's

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expedition 36 and 37 is an increment

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filled with visiting vehicles and

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spacewalks all on top of a packed agenda

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the iss today is

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pretty much the pinnacle of

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space exploration arts

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and it shows how many different

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countries dozens of countries engineers

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specialists can work jointly on one

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project

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and

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to work reliably

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some of the dozens and dozens of

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experiments are automated and monitored

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from control centers on earth

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others require a helping hand from the

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laboratory assistance on orbit

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taking care of those human crew members

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is a top priority the most important

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purpose of

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iss is to to learn to study how people

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can live in space how to make their life

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there more safely and these crew members

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are subjects for tests designed to learn

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exactly how a human body changes during

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an extended period of time in space

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some of these tests can also have

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benefits for people who never go to

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space

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for example there's an experiment called

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pro k it's a very simple experiment

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apparently where we're going to look how

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a diet can influence

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the loss

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of calcium from our bones which could

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have an impact on the treatment of

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osteoporosis for people on earth

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another is called sarcolab we will be

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looking at how

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the sarcomeres which is it's part of our

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muscles how do they work how do they

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interact

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what happens to them when

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they're put in a condition that is

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different from what they're used to as

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in weak due to no gravity to work

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against similar to the condition of

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someone who is bedridden

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another area of concern is ocular health

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since it's been discovered that some

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crew members have been coming home with

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diminished vision

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and it's not known exactly at this time

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what causes this but it's an important

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thing especially if we're going to be

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spending longer and longer times will it

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get worse as the time goes on and so

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they're really starting to do a lot of

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experiments with us

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taking images of the retina taking

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pressures

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looking at your you know getting

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eyesight checks throughout the mission

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the station crew is also learning about

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technology that can have an impact on

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the ground

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for instance crew members are proving

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the efficacy of using an ultrasound to

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examine the spine rather than an mri

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but ultrasound is a very now inexpensive

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and can come in small briefcase size

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packaging so that in my opinion would

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spread to lots of places on this planet

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that don't have the means and the

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financial wherewithal to to get this

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expensive medical equipment

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among these experiments designed to

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prepare people for deep space missions

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in the future are improved

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countermeasures to fight the bad effects

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of weightlessness better exercise

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equipment and protocols that are already

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making a difference in mitigating bone

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and muscle loss

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now on station we have very nice

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equipment it's irate equipment

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it's physical training

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it's like our gym my second flight it

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was long flight on

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station in 2007 we

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don't have irat we have a e-read yes

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it's more simple

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yes and i know about myself from 2010

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when i used tired my physical condition

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it was more

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better than on 2007.

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but that's not all the station's several

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laboratories are also hosting research

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in a range of disciplines that is taking

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advantage of the lack of gravity the

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italian combustion experiment green air

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is one of them

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we will study its combustion

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uh in order to uh to understand

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how to ameliorate to make it better so

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that the results of combustion which

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normally have toxic

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substances how to to make them

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either disappear or reduce them to the

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minimum a lot of the processes that take

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place on earth as in

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fires

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combustions of materials

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solidification of materials

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flow of liquids all of that is highly

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affected by the force of gravity

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and all of that along with earth

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observation technology development and

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education are being studied on this

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mission

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during expeditions 36 and 37 the crews

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expect to greet most of the cargo

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vehicles that are keeping the

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international space station supplied the

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fourth of the european space agency's

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automated transfer vehicles

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the fourth h2 transfer vehicle from the

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japan aerospace exploration agency a

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visit from a russian progress freighter

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and we're also hoping that in the period

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of time that we're there we'll get the

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vehicle from the orbital sciences

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corporation the cygnus vehicle it will

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be potentially we will get their first

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demonstration flight and so that would

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be very exciting

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all of that visiting traffic is

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scheduled during a very busy period for

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spacewalks the eva frenzy kicks off in

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late june with veteran spacewalker

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yurchikhin and first-timer misurkin

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replacing a fluid flow regulator on the

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zarya module testing the station's coors

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automated docking system equipment and

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removing an experiment from the exterior

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of zvezda

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in july there are two spacewalks planned

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for cassidy and parmitano who will

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become the first italian spacewalker in

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history

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the tasks for those evas include

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replacing a failed transmitter receiver

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box for the space-to-ground

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communication system

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routing power cables from the u.s

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segment to the russian segment to

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support a new russian laboratory module

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being prepared for launch

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retrieving scientific payloads and

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relocating other hardware

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in august yurchikhin and misurkin go

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back outside twice

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first they'll concentrate on routing

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those power and data cables from the us

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segment along the length of zarya into

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position at poisk to later be connected

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to the new russian lab and on the second

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eva they'll install hardware for a new

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optical telescope and retrieve science

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experiments

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and then crew changes take over

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in mid-september vinogradov's soyuz crew

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departs yurchikhin assumes command for

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expedition 37 and shortly thereafter he

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greets the arrival of veteran cosmonaut

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oleg kotov and first-time flyers

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astronaut michael hopkins and cosmonaut

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sergey ryazanskiy

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after just six weeks together they'll

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all be joined by cosmonaut michael turin

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and astronauts rick mastracchio and

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koichi wakata who arrive only days

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before your chicken parmitano and nyberg

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depart for a landing in kazakhstan to

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wrap up their on-orbit part of

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humankind's ongoing effort at

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exploration

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50 years from now we will we will use

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uh the science and then technology that

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we are creating right now and and that's

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why i'm proud of the very

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small contribution and i will be able to

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give

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in my six months increment because i

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think that i will be opening the doors